Reciprocating compressor valves operate on which principle?

Reciprocating compressor valves operate primarily on the principle of pressure. In such compressors, the valves function to open and close in response to the pressure differences occurring during the compression cycle. As the piston moves down during the intake stroke, the pressure in the cylinder drops below that of the incoming refrigerant, causing the suction valve to open and allowing the refrigerant to enter the cylinder. Conversely, once the piston moves up during the compression stroke, the pressure inside the cylinder increases, surpassing the pressure in the discharge line. This higher pressure forces the discharge valve open, allowing the compressed refrigerant to exit the compressor. The operation of these valves is critical for maintaining efficient compression cycles, as they only allow the flow of refrigerant based on pressure differentials, ensuring the system functions optimally.

Other principles, such as temperature, flow, or volume, while relevant in different contexts of refrigeration systems, do not directly govern the opening and closing actions of the valves in a reciprocating compressor.