What type of pump draws liquid into the center of the impeller and discharges it into the volute?

The correct answer is a centrifugal pump. This type of pump operates by converting rotational energy, typically from an electric motor or engine, into energy in the form of hydrodynamic energy. In a centrifugal pump, the liquid enters at the center of the impeller, which is a rotating component equipped with blades. As the impeller spins, it imparts kinetic energy to the fluid, causing it to accelerate outward towards the volute, which is a casing designed to convert the kinetic energy into pressure energy and direct the flow of the liquid.

Centrifugal pumps are commonly used in various applications due to their ability to move large volumes of fluid efficiently. They are effective for low-viscosity liquids and can operate continuously, making them ideal for many refrigeration and industrial processes.

Other types of pumps, like piston, gear, and peristaltic pumps, have different operating principles. Piston pumps use reciprocating motion to move fluid, gear pumps rely on the meshing of gears to transport liquid, and peristaltic pumps work by compressing a flexible tube to push the fluid forward. Each of these has its specific applications and advantages but does not utilize the impeller and volute design characteristic of centrifugal pumps.