Where does cavitation mainly occur in a pump?

Cavitation primarily occurs on the suction side of a pump due to low pressure conditions. When the pressure of the liquid drops below its vapor pressure, bubbles form, leading to cavitation. These bubbles can collapse violently when they enter higher pressure areas within the pump, which can cause significant damage to the impeller and other components.

Understanding the concept of vapor pressure is crucial here; it defines the pressure at which a liquid turns into vapor. If the pressure in the pump’s suction line falls below this threshold, vapor bubbles form. This phenomenon is influenced by various factors, including fluid temperature and flow conditions. Therefore, maintaining appropriate suction conditions is essential to prevent cavitation and ensure the pump operates efficiently.